CVE-2025-24802 Details
Description
Plonky2 is a SNARK implementation based on techniques from PLONK and FRI. Lookup tables, whose length is not divisible by 26 = floor(num_routed_wires / 3) always include the 0 -> 0 input-output pair. Thus a malicious prover can always prove that f(0) = 0 for any lookup table f (unless its length happens to be divisible by 26). The cause of problem is that the LookupTableGate-s are padded with zeros. A workaround from the user side is to extend the table (by repeating some entries) so that its length becomes divisible by 26. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.0.1.
A vulnerability in Plonky2 version 1.0.0 allows a malicious prover to exploit lookup tables in a way that could deceive verifiers. The issue arises because lookup tables whose lengths are not divisible by 26 include a default '0 -> 0' input-output pair. This allows provers to falsely demonstrate knowledge of certain values in specific scenarios. The vulnerability is rooted in the 'LookupTableGate' padding with zeros, rather than with existing table pairs. The flaw is not present in the most common use cases, such as hash functions with table-based S-boxes, which typically do not allow for such exploitation.
Upgrade to Plonky2 version 1.0.1, where this vulnerability has been fixed.
Metrics
CVSS 4.0 Severity and Vector Strings:
VolerionCVSS 3.x Severity and Vector Strings:
No data available for CVSS Version 2.0 on this CVE.
Volerion
Assessed Jan 30, 2025CISA-ADP
Assessed Jan 30, 2025References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
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Weakness Enumeration
| CWE-ID | CWE Name | Source |
|---|---|---|
| CWE-1240 | Use of a Cryptographic Primitive with a Risky Implementation | [email protected] |
Affected Products
| Product | Versions |
|---|---|
| 0xPolygonZero plonky2 | All versions |
CPE
Remediation
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Change History
3 change records found show changes
| Date | Action | Recorded By |
|---|---|---|
| Jun 17, 2026 | CVE Modified | [email protected] |
| Jun 17, 2026 | CVE Modified | CISA-ADP |
| Jan 30, 2025 | New CVE Received | [email protected] |